Bispecific Antibodies Enable Safer Cancer Therapy Through Tumor-Selective Targeting Strategies Introduction Many cancer therapies fail to achieve their full potential because the molecular targets driving tumor growth are also essential for normal tissue function. Blocking pathways such as Wnt, EGFR, or FGFR1 can effectively inhibit tumors but often causes severe toxicity in healthy organs. A …

Optimizing scFv Linker Design to Improve Antibody Stability and Binding Performance Introduction Single-chain variable fragments (scFv antibodies) are widely used in antibody engineering due to their compact size, efficient expression, and compatibility with applications such as bispecific antibodies, CAR-T cell therapies, and fusion proteins. An scFv consists of VH and VL antibody domains connected by …

Downstream Purification Strategies for High-Quality VHH Antibody Production Introduction VHH antibodies, also known as nanobodies, are the smallest antibody fragments (~12–15 kDa) and have gained increasing attention due to their compact size, high stability, and ability to access unique epitopes. Following VHH discovery and VHH phage display screening, successful candidates require optimized expression and purification …

Somatic Mutations in Microglia Reveal a New Mechanism Driving Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder traditionally associated with β-amyloid accumulation, Tau pathology, chronic inflammation, and neuronal loss. While microglia play a central role in regulating brain immune responses, the genetic mechanisms controlling their dysfunction remain poorly understood. A recent …

CAR-A for Alzheimer’s: A Breakthrough Neuro-Immunotherapy Using Engineered Astrocytes Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains a major challenge, with current anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies requiring high doses, repeated administration, and carrying risks like ARIA. A pioneering study in Science introduces CAR-A therapy—a next-generation neuro-immunotherapy that engineers astrocytes into super-phagocytes via Chimeric Antigen Receptors. This self-sustaining, one-time intervention …